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example_per_segment_resistance.py

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+from model import TransformerModel
+from optimizer import TransformerOptimizer
+
+# Example: Transformer with different wire gauges per segment
+# Primary:
+#   - Segment 1 (0 to 50 turns): 22 AWG wire, lower resistance
+#   - Segment 2 (50 to 100 turns): 24 AWG wire, higher resistance
+# Secondary:
+#   - Segment 1 (0 to 150 turns): 28 AWG wire
+#   - Segment 2 (150 to 300 turns): 30 AWG wire, higher resistance
+
+primary_taps = [0, 75, 75]
+secondary_taps = [0, 50, 150, 150, 200]
+
+# Resistance per turn for each segment (example values in ohms/turn)
+# These would be calculated based on wire gauge, length per turn, etc.
+primary_Rp_per_turn = [
+    0.01,
+    0.01,
+]
+
+secondary_Rs_per_turn = [
+    0.004,  
+    0.024,  
+    0.024,  
+    0.024,
+]
+
+tf = TransformerModel(
+    Ae_mm2=354.0,
+    Np_total=150,
+    Ns_total=550,
+    primary_taps=primary_taps,
+    secondary_taps=secondary_taps,
+    primary_Rp_per_turn=primary_Rp_per_turn,
+    secondary_Rs_per_turn=secondary_Rs_per_turn,
+)
+
+
+# Test different tap combinations to see resistance effects
+test_cases = [
+    (1, 1, "Using only first segments (lower R wire)"),
+    (2, 2, "Using both segments (mixed wire gauges)"),
+]
+
+for p_tap, s_tap, description in test_cases:
+    result = tf.simulate(
+        primary_tap=p_tap,
+        secondary_tap=s_tap,
+        Vp_rms=12.0,
+        freq_hz=2000.0,
+        load_ohms=100.0,
+        core_loss_W=0.2,
+    )
+
+    print(f"{description}:")
+    print(f"  Primary tap {p_tap}: {result['Np_eff']} turns")
+    print(f"  Secondary tap {s_tap}: {result['Ns_eff']} turns")
+    print(f"  Output power: {result['P_out_W']:.2f} W")
+    print(f"  Copper loss: {result['P_cu_W']:.2f} W")
+    print(f"  Efficiency: {result['efficiency']*100:.2f}%")
+    print()
+
+# Run optimizer
+print("=" * 70)
+print("OPTIMIZER WITH PER-SEGMENT RESISTANCE")
+print("=" * 70)
+
+opt = TransformerOptimizer(tf)
+
+result_opt = opt.optimize(
+    load_ohms=100.0,
+    target_power_W=10.0,
+    freq_hz=2000.0,
+    Vp_min=5.0,
+    Vp_max=30.0,
+    Vp_step=0.5,
+    B_max_T=0.3,
+    Vs_max=200.0,
+    core_loss_W=0.2,
+    power_tolerance_percent=2.0,
+)
+
+if result_opt:
+    print(f"Optimal configuration:")
+    print(f"  Primary tap: {result_opt.primary_tap} ({result_opt.Np_eff} turns)")
+    print(f"  Secondary tap: {result_opt.secondary_tap} ({result_opt.Ns_eff} turns)")
+    print(f"  Input voltage: {result_opt.Vp_rms:.1f} V")
+    print(f"  Output power: {result_opt.P_out_W:.2f} W")
+    print(f"  Efficiency: {result_opt.efficiency*100:.2f}%")
+    print(f"  Copper loss: {result_opt.P_cu_W:.2f} W")
+    print(f"  Output voltage: {result_opt.Vs_rms:.1f} V")
+else:
+    print("No valid configuration found!")